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For other uses, see Octane (disambiguation).
Octane
General
Molecular formula C8H18
SMILES CCCCCCCC
Molar mass 114.2285 g/mol
Appearance colorless liquid
CAS number [111-65-9]
Properties
Density and phase 0.703 g/ml, liquid
Solubility in water Immiscible
Melting point −57 °C (216 K)
Boiling point 125.52 °C (398.7 K)
Viscosity 0.542 cP at 20 °C
Thermodynamic data
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHoliquid −250 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy change
of combustion, ΔcHoliquid −5430 kJ/mol
Standard molar
entropy, Soliquid 360 J·K−1·mol−1
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS
EU classification Flammable (F)
Harmful (Xn)
Dangerous for
the environment (N)
NFPA 704 300
R-phrases R11, R38, R50/53,
R65, R67
S-phrases (S2), S9, S16, S29, S33,
S60, S61, S62
Flash point 13 °C
Autoignition temperature 220 °C
Explosive limits 1.0–6.5%
RTECS number RG8400000
Supplementary data page
Structure and
properties n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic
data Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alkanes Heptane
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references
Octane is an alkane with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)6CH3. It has 18 isomers.
One of the isomers, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane or isooctane, is of major importance, as it has been selected as the 100 point on the octane rating scale, with n-heptane as the zero point. Octane ratings are ratings used to represent the anti-knock performance of petroleum-based fuels (octane is less likely to prematurely combust under pressure than heptane), given as the percentage of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane in an 2,2,4-trimethylpentane / n-heptane mixture that would have the same performance. It is an important constituent of gasoline.
Octane has 18 isomers :
Octane (n-octane)
2-Methylheptane
3-Methylheptane
4-Methylheptane
3-Ethylhexane
2,2-Dimethylhexane
2,3-Dimethylhexane
2,4-Dimethylhexane
2,5-Dimethylhexane
3,3-Dimethylhexane
3,4-Dimethylhexane
2-Methyl-3-ethylpentane
3-Methyl-3-ethylpentane
2,2,3-Trimethylpentane
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (isooctane)
2,3,3-Trimethylpentane
2,3,4-Trimethylpentane
2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane
[edit] External links
International Chemical Safety Card 0933 (n-octane)
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards 0470
Material Safety Data Sheet for Octane
Phytochemical database entry
Chemical and physical properties table
Links to external chemical sources
[hide] v • d • e Alkanes
Methane
CH4
|
Ethane
C2H6
|
Propane
C3H8
|
Butane
C4H10
|
Pentane
C5H12
|
Hexane
C6H14
Heptane
C7H16
|
Octane
C8H18
|
Nonane
C9H20
|
Decane
C10H22
|
Undecane
C11H24
|
Dodecane
C12H26
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octane"
Category: Alkanes
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